The world today is experiencing unprecedented demographic growth and consequent urbanization of various places. Rapid population growth in urban areas usually gets coupled with poor planning of physical and social infrastructure along with a lack of individual and communal sanitary consciousness.
The rural areas in many developing countries face a lot of problems caused by poor sanitation facilities such as pollution of water sources, a high rate of waterborne diseases, and high expenditures on curative health care.
Open defecation and urination are still rampant in urban and rural areas of developing economies and such practices pose a grave risk to the health of the citizens. The World Health Organization and UNICEF link open defecation with grim issues such as poverty, malnutrition, child mortality and large disparities between the rich and poor.
