What design strategies or new technologies can be integrated into architectural design without compromising the environment? In recent years, renewable energy has been gaining significant momentum worldwide, and photovoltaic solar energy is one of many showing exponential growth.
Photovoltaic solar energy refers to the conversion of solar radiation into electricity using devices called photovoltaic cells. While some systems are grid-connected and capable of reducing CO2 emissions, others operate off-grid. These off-grid setups typically require a storage system to handle surplus production, as solar panels only generate electricity during daylight hours while consumption is needed throughout the day. Depending on weather conditions and electricity consumption, the amount of energy to be stored is calculated. Meanwhile, the number of solar panels required is determined by considering energy demand during the least favorable months, optimal technical conditions of orientation and tilt, and the specific geographic location.
Around the world, architects face the challenge of seamlessly integrating these systems from the initial stages of building design. This requires accounting for variables such as module orientation and tilt, solar cell operating temperatures, proper ventilation, module surface cleanliness to prevent significant efficiency losses, and shading.
